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Table 28.9

Childhood Cancer

SEER Incidence Rates, U.S. Death Rates and 5-Year Relative Survival Percentages

For Top Cancer Sitesf By 5-Year Age Groups

All Races, Males and Females

Ages 0-4

Site SEER Incidencea US Mortalityb 5-Year Relative Survivala (%)
2011-2015 1975-2015
APC		 1975-1995
APC		 1996-2015
APC		 2011-2015 1975-2015
APC		 1975-1995
APC		 1996-2015
APC		 1975-1978 2008-2014
# Cases Rate # Deaths Rate
All Sites 6,346 22.2 0.7* 1.1* 0.4@ 2,051 2.0 -2.5* -2.9* -1.6*# 57.2 85.3c
Soft tissue 495 1.7 1.1* 0.0 1.3 123 0.1 -1.5* -1.6* 0.4@ 62.0d 83.9c
Kidney and Renal pelvis 555 1.9 -0.1 0.6 -0.4 65 0.1 - -5.3* - 71.9 93.7c
Eye and Orbit 407 1.4 0.0 1.9* -0.7# 21 0.0 - - - 87.2d 96.2c
Brain and Other nervous 1,160 4.1 1.1* 2.3* 0.6# 575 0.6 -1.3* -1.1* -1.5* 52.0 73.7c
Other endocrineg 420 1.5 - - - 319 0.3 - - - 35.7d 78.1c
Leukemia 2,370 8.3 0.7* 0.7 0.4 638 0.6 -2.8* -3.6* -1.8*# 55.4 89.4c
Acute lymphocytic 1,899 6.6 0.7* 0.7* 0.2 197 0.2 -3.8* -5.7* -2.1*# 63.2 94.5c

Ages 5-9

Site SEER Incidencea US Mortalityb 5-Year Relative Survivala (%)
2011-2015 1975-2015
APC		 1975-1995
APC		 1996-2015
APC		 2011-2015 1975-2015
APC		 1975-1995
APC		 1996-2015
APC		 1975-1978 2008-2014
# Cases Rate # Deaths Rate
All Sites 3,768 12.9 0.5* 0.5 0.9* 2,203 2.2 -2.4* -3.3* -1.1*# 58.4 84.1c
Brain and Other nervous 1,006 3.4 0.5* 1.2 0.9 931 0.9 -0.4* -0.7* 0.4# 59.1 71.8c
Leukemia 1,268 4.3 0.4* 0.9 0.2 487 0.5 -4.6* -5.2* -3.3*# 51.0 89.3c
Acute lymphocytic 1,069 3.7 0.7* 1.1 0.2 238 0.2 -5.2* -6.2* -3.7*# 54.8 91.4c

Ages 10-14

Site SEER Incidencea US Mortalityb 5-Year Relative Survivala (%)
2011-2015 1975-2015
APC		 1975-1995
APC		 1996-2015
APC		 2011-2015 1975-2015
APC		 1975-1995
APC		 1996-2015
APC		 1975-1978 2008-2014
# Cases Rate # Deaths Rate
All Sites 4,244 14.5 0.7* 0.9* 0.6* 2,232 2.2 -2.0* -2.5* -1.3*# 58.7 85.6c
Bone and Joint 445 1.5 0.3 1.2 1.0 266 0.3 -1.1* -2.4* 0.2# 52.8d 73.1c
Brain and Other nervous 779 2.7 0.7* 1.9* -0.4# 658 0.6 -1.0* -1.7* -0.5# 59.5 83.4c
Hodgkin lymphoma 340 1.2 -0.5* -0.8 0.6 - - - - - 79.0 98.8c
Leukemia 966 3.3 0.7* 0.7 1.1* 631 0.6 -2.9* -3.1* -2.8* 34.0 82.2c
Acute lymphocytic 672 2.3 1.0* 1.5 1.4* 316 0.3 -3.3* -3.4* -3.0* 43.0d 86.4c

Ages 15-19

Site SEER Incidencea US Mortalityb 5-Year Relative Survivala (%)
2011-2015 1975-2015
APC		 1975-1995
APC		 1996-2015
APC		 2011-2015 1975-2015
APC		 1975-1995
APC		 1996-2015
APC		 1975-1978 2008-2014
# Cases Rate # Deaths Rate
All Sites 6,997 23.3 0.6* 0.9* 1.0* 3,107 2.9 -1.9* -2.1* -1.6*# 67.8 86.1c
Bone and Joint 446 1.5 0.2 1.1 0.0 506 0.5 -1.0* -2.3* -0.6# 51.0d 70.4c
Melanoma of the skin 291 1.0 0.6 2.0* -1.0# 28 0.0 - - - 76.2d 98.4c
Testis(males) 624 4.0 1.2* 1.8 1.2 35 0.1 - - - 66.0d 94.8c
Brain and Other nervous 725 2.4 0.5 1.2 1.0 574 0.5 -1.0* -1.1* -0.2@ 65.3 76.2c
Thyroid 921 3.1 2.5* 0.5 4.4*# - - - - - 100.0 99.5
Hodgkin lymphoma 905 3.0 -0.5* 0.0 0.2 46 0.0 - -4.0* - 89.0 96.9c
Non-Hodgkin lymphoma 592 2.0 1.5* 2.7* 1.2 157 0.1 -3.1* -2.4* -4.1*# 47.7d 88.7c
Leukemia 963 3.2 0.7* 0.7 0.6 815 0.8 -2.3* -2.0* -2.6* 23.8 72.0c
Acute lymphocytic 533 1.8 0.9* 0.9 0.4 325 0.3 -2.4* -1.7* -3.1*# 30.0d 79.2c

Footnotes:

The APC is the Annual Percent Change over the time interval.

Note: Incidence and death rates are per 100,000 and are age-adjusted(as appropriate) to the 2000 US Std Population (19 age groups - Census P25-1130).

a Incidence data used in calculating the rates are from the SEER 18 areas (San Francisco, Connecticut, Detroit, Hawaii, Iowa, New Mexico, Seattle, Utah, Atlanta, San Jose-Monterey, Los Angeles, Alaska Native Registry, Rural Georgia, California excluding SF/SJM/LA, Kentucky, Louisiana, New Jersey and Georgia excluding ATL/RG).

Incidence data used in calculating the trends and survival estimates are from the 9 SEER areas (San Francisco, Connecticut, Detroit, Hawaii, Iowa, New Mexico, Seattle, Utah, and Atlanta).

b US Mortality Files, National Center for Health Statistics, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.

c The difference between 1975-1978 and 2008-2014 is statistically significant (p<.05).

d The standard error is between 5 and 10 percentage points.

e The standard error is greater than 10 percentage points.

f Sites were chosen based on more than 100 SEER incidence cases between 2011-2015.

g APCs suppressed because of inconsistent classification across ICD: ICD-8 (1975-1978), ICD-9 (1979-1998), ICD-10 (1999-2008).

* The APC is significantly different from zero (p<.05).

# The APC for 1996-2015 is significantly different from the APC for 1975-1995 (p<.05).

@ The APC for 1996-2015 is significantly different from the APC for 1975-1995 (p<.10).

- Statistic not shown. Age-adjusted rate based on less than 16 cases for the time interval. Trend based on less than 10 cases for at least one year within the time interval. Survival rate based on less than 25 cases for the time interval.

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