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Table 28.9

Childhood Cancer

SEER Incidence Rates, U.S. Death Rates and 5-Year Relative Survival Percentages

For Top Cancer Sitesf By 5-Year Age Groups

All Races, Males and Females

Ages 0-4

Site SEER Incidencea US Mortalityb 5-Year Relative Survivala (%)
2012-2016 1975-2016
APC		 1975-1995
APC		 1996-2016
APC		 2012-2016 1975-2016
APC		 1975-1995
APC		 1996-2016
APC		 1975-1978 2009-2015
# Cases Rate # Deaths Rate
All Sites 8,174 22.2 0.7* 1.0* 0.5*@ 2,071 2.1 -2.4* -2.9* -1.4*# 57.2 85.3c
Soft tissue 600 1.6 1.2* 0.4 1.6 145 0.1 -1.2* -1.6* 0.9# 62.0d 85.5c
Kidney and Renal pelvis 700 1.9 -0.1 0.3 -0.5 68 0.1 - -5.3* - 71.9 95.3c
Eye and Orbit 507 1.4 0.2 1.5 -0.3@ 24 0.0 - - - 87.2d 95.2
Brain and Other nervous 1,545 4.2 1.0* 2.3* 0.6# 556 0.6 -1.3* -1.1* -1.3* 52.0 73.5c
Other endocrineg 566 1.5 - - - 303 0.3 - - - 35.7d 77.7c
Leukemia 2,955 8.0 0.7* 0.8* 0.4 658 0.7 -2.7* -3.6* -1.6*# 55.4 89.1c
Acute lymphocytic 2,367 6.4 0.7* 1.0* 0.4 208 0.2 -3.8* -5.7* -2.1*# 63.2 94.1c

Ages 5-9

Site SEER Incidencea US Mortalityb 5-Year Relative Survivala (%)
2012-2016 1975-2016
APC		 1975-1995
APC		 1996-2016
APC		 2012-2016 1975-2016
APC		 1975-1995
APC		 1996-2016
APC		 1975-1978 2009-2015
# Cases Rate # Deaths Rate
All Sites 4,866 13.0 0.5* 0.3 0.7* 2,209 2.2 -2.3* -3.3* -1.1*# 58.4 85.3c
Brain and Other nervous 1,311 3.5 0.5* 1.0 0.6 944 0.9 -0.4* -0.7* 0.4# 59.1 72.6c
Leukemia 1,597 4.3 0.4* 0.7 0.1 475 0.5 -4.5* -5.2* -3.1*# 51.0 90.8c
Acute lymphocytic 1,365 3.6 0.6* 1.1 0.1 234 0.2 -5.1* -6.2* -3.5*# 54.8 91.2c

Ages 10-14

Site SEER Incidencea US Mortalityb 5-Year Relative Survivala (%)
2012-2016 1975-2016
APC		 1975-1995
APC		 1996-2016
APC		 2012-2016 1975-2016
APC		 1975-1995
APC		 1996-2016
APC		 1975-1978 2009-2015
# Cases Rate # Deaths Rate
All Sites 5,727 15.2 0.7* 0.9* 0.8* 2,195 2.1 -1.9* -2.5* -1.3*# 58.7 85.3c
Bone and Joint 581 1.5 0.3 1.1 1.1 283 0.3 -1.1* -2.4* 0.2# 52.8d 71.3c
Brain and Other nervous 1,068 2.8 0.6* 1.8* -0.3# 689 0.7 -0.9* -1.7* -0.3# 59.5 84.1c
Hodgkin lymphoma 477 1.3 -0.5* -1.2* 0.0 - - - - - 79.0 99.4c
Leukemia 1,242 3.3 0.8* 0.6 1.2* 585 0.6 -2.9* -3.1* -2.9* 34.0 81.3c
Acute lymphocytic 856 2.3 1.0* 1.3 1.1* 284 0.3 -3.3* -3.4* -3.0* 43.0d 86.1c

Ages 15-19

Site SEER Incidencea US Mortalityb 5-Year Relative Survivala (%)
2012-2016 1975-2016
APC		 1975-1995
APC		 1996-2016
APC		 2012-2016 1975-2016
APC		 1975-1995
APC		 1996-2016
APC		 1975-1978 2009-2015
# Cases Rate # Deaths Rate
All Sites 9,444 24.2 0.7* 0.9* 1.1* 3,046 2.9 -1.9* -2.1* -1.6*# 67.8 86.4c
Bone and Joint 617 1.6 0.2 0.9 -0.1 545 0.5 -0.9* -2.3* -0.3# 51.0d 65.6c
Melanoma of the skin 362 0.9 0.4 1.7 -1.8*# 25 0.0 - - - 76.2d 98.0c
Testis(males) 763 3.8 1.1* 1.8* 0.7 33 0.1 - - - 66.0d 95.1c
Brain and Other nervous 923 2.4 0.4 1.1 0.7 584 0.6 -1.0* -1.1* -0.2@ 65.3 77.9c
Thyroid 1,328 3.4 2.6* 1.1 4.6*# - - - - - 100.0 99.8
Hodgkin lymphoma 1,275 3.3 -0.5* -0.3 0.1 33 0.0 - -4.0* - 89.0 96.8c
Non-Hodgkin lymphoma 812 2.1 1.5* 2.5* 1.3 152 0.1 -3.1* -2.4* -4.1*# 47.7d 89.2c
Leukemia 1,229 3.1 0.9* 0.7 1.3 770 0.7 -2.3* -2.0* -2.6*@ 23.8 71.5c
Acute lymphocytic 691 1.8 1.2* 1.1 1.6 321 0.3 -2.4* -1.7* -2.8*@ 30.0d 75.9c

Footnotes:

The APC is the Annual Percent Change over the time interval.

Note: Incidence and death rates are per 100,000 and are age-adjusted(as appropriate) to the 2000 US Std Population (19 age groups - Census P25-1130).

a Incidence data used in calculating the rates are from the SEER 21 areas (San Francisco, Connecticut, Detroit, Hawaii, Iowa, New Mexico, Seattle, Utah, Atlanta, San Jose-Monterey, Los Angeles, Alaska Native Registry, Rural Georgia, California excluding SF/SJM/LA, Kentucky, Louisiana, New Jersey, Georgia excluding ATL/RG, Idaho, New York and Massachusetts).

Incidence data used in calculating the trends and survival estimates are from the 9 SEER areas (San Francisco, Connecticut, Detroit, Hawaii, Iowa, New Mexico, Seattle, Utah, and Atlanta).

b US Mortality Files, National Center for Health Statistics, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.

c The difference between 1975-1978 and 2009-2015 is statistically significant (p<.05).

d The standard error is between 5 and 10 percentage points.

e The standard error is greater than 10 percentage points.

f Sites were chosen based on more than 100 SEER incidence cases between 2012-2016.

g APCs suppressed because of inconsistent classification across ICD: ICD-8 (1975-1978), ICD-9 (1979-1998), ICD-10 (1999-2008).

* The APC is significantly different from zero (p<.05).

# The APC for 1996-2016 is significantly different from the APC for 1975-1995 (p<.05).

@ The APC for 1996-2016 is significantly different from the APC for 1975-1995 (p<.10).

- Statistic not shown. Age-adjusted rate based on less than 16 cases for the time interval. Trend based on less than 10 cases for at least one year within the time interval. Survival rate based on less than 25 cases for the time interval.

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