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Table 28.9

Childhood Cancer

SEER Incidence Rates, U.S. Death Rates and 5-Year Relative Survival Percentages

For Top Cancer Sitesf By 5-Year Age Groups

All Races, Males and Females

Ages 0-4

Site SEER Incidencea US Mortalityb 5-Year Relative Survivala (%)
2013-2017 1975-2017
APC		 1975-1996
APC		 1997-2017
APC		 2013-2017 1975-2017
APC		 1975-1996
APC		 1997-2017
APC		 1975-1978 2010-2016
# Cases Rate # Deaths Rate
All Sites 8,101 22.1 0.6* 1.0* 0.3# 1,998 2.0 -2.4* -3.0* -1.4*# 57.2 85.9c
Soft tissue 580 1.6 0.6* 0.7 0.0 150 0.2 -1.1* -2.1* 0.7# 62.0d 86.4c
Kidney and Renal pelvis 693 1.9 -0.1 0.1 -0.1 73 0.1 - -5.3* - 71.9 95.5c
Eye and Orbit 499 1.4 0.4* 1.0 0.1 24 0.0 - - - 87.2d 95.3
Brain and Other nervous 1,551 4.2 0.6* 1.5* 0.1# 520 0.5 -1.3* -1.0* -1.3* 52.0 73.1c
Other endocrineg 566 1.5 - - - 282 0.3 - - - 35.7d 75.1c
Leukemia 2,969 8.1 0.8* 1.2* 0.4*# 632 0.6 -2.7* -3.5* -1.4*# 55.4 90.2c
Acute lymphocytic 2,367 6.5 0.7* 1.3* 0.2# 202 0.2 -3.7* -5.5* -2.1*# 63.2 94.4c

Ages 5-9

Site SEER Incidencea US Mortalityb 5-Year Relative Survivala (%)
2013-2017 1975-2017
APC		 1975-1996
APC		 1997-2017
APC		 2013-2017 1975-2017
APC		 1975-1996
APC		 1997-2017
APC		 1975-1978 2010-2016
# Cases Rate # Deaths Rate
All Sites 4,851 13.0 0.6* 0.3 0.8* 2,187 2.1 -2.3* -3.3* -1.1*# 58.5 86.4c
Brain and Other nervous 1,300 3.5 0.5* 0.3 0.3 958 0.9 -0.4* -0.7* 0.5*# 59.1 73.4c
Leukemia 1,584 4.2 0.7* 1.1* 0.6* 455 0.4 -4.5* -5.2* -3.2*# 51.0 91.9c
Acute lymphocytic 1,342 3.6 0.9* 1.5* 0.6* 230 0.2 -5.1* -6.2* -3.6*# 54.8 92.5c

Ages 10-14

Site SEER Incidencea US Mortalityb 5-Year Relative Survivala (%)
2013-2017 1975-2017
APC		 1975-1996
APC		 1997-2017
APC		 2013-2017 1975-2017
APC		 1975-1996
APC		 1997-2017
APC		 1975-1978 2010-2016
# Cases Rate # Deaths Rate
All Sites 5,841 15.5 0.9* 0.7* 1.2* 2,160 2.1 -1.9* -2.5* -1.2*# 58.7 84.6c
Bone and Joint 589 1.6 0.5* 0.4 1.1* 285 0.3 -1.1* -2.7* -0.3# 52.9d 67.2c
Brain and Other nervous 1,104 2.9 0.5* 1.5* 0.4@ 675 0.7 -0.9* -1.6* -0.2# 59.5 85.1c
Hodgkin lymphoma 473 1.3 -0.4* -1.3* 0.1@ - - - - - 79.0 99.4c
Leukemia 1,277 3.4 1.1* 1.1 1.3* 568 0.5 -2.9* -3.1* -2.9* 34.0 81.2c
Acute lymphocytic 876 2.3 1.3* 1.8* 1.2* 264 0.3 -3.4* -3.4* -3.1* 43.0d 86.6c

Ages 15-19

Site SEER Incidencea US Mortalityb 5-Year Relative Survivala (%)
2013-2017 1975-2017
APC		 1975-1996
APC		 1997-2017
APC		 2013-2017 1975-2017
APC		 1975-1996
APC		 1997-2017
APC		 1975-1978 2010-2016
# Cases Rate # Deaths Rate
All Sites 9,368 24.2 0.6* 0.7* 1.0* 2,978 2.8 -1.9* -2.1* -1.7*# 67.9 86.4c
Bone and Joint 585 1.5 -0.1 0.4 -0.5 539 0.5 -0.9* -2.1* -0.3# 51.0d 66.1c
Melanoma of the skin 339 0.9 -0.7 1.4 -4.1*# 27 0.0 - - - 76.2d 97.2c
Testis(males) 730 3.7 1.2* 1.5* 1.1* 29 0.1 - - - 66.0d 94.5c
Brain and Other nervous 909 2.3 0.4* 0.9 1.0 564 0.5 -1.0* -1.1* -0.3@ 65.3 77.4c
Thyroid 1,296 3.3 2.5* 0.8 4.6*# - - - - - 100.0 99.8
Hodgkin lymphoma 1,256 3.2 -0.7* -0.7 -0.1 36 0.0 - -4.0* - 89.0 97.5c
Non-Hodgkin lymphoma 822 2.1 1.3* 2.0* 1.3* 152 0.1 -3.2* -2.5* -4.3*# 47.7d 88.2c
Leukemia 1,252 3.2 1.2* 0.9* 1.1* 759 0.7 -2.3* -2.1* -2.8*@ 23.8 71.8c
Acute lymphocytic 696 1.8 1.5* 1.8* 1.1* 313 0.3 -2.4* -1.9* -3.0*@ 30.0d 73.6c

Footnotes:

The APC is the Annual Percent Change over the time interval.

Note: Incidence and death rates are per 100,000 and are age-adjusted(as appropriate) to the 2000 US Std Population (19 age groups - Census P25-1130).

a Incidence data used in calculating the rates are from the SEER 21 areas (San Francisco, Connecticut, Detroit, Hawaii, Iowa, New Mexico, Seattle, Utah, Atlanta, San Jose-Monterey, Los Angeles, Alaska Native Registry, Rural Georgia, California excluding SF/SJM/LA, Kentucky, Louisiana, New Jersey, Georgia excluding ATL/RG, Idaho, New York and Massachusetts).

Incidence data used in calculating the trends and survival estimates are from the 9 SEER areas (San Francisco, Connecticut, Detroit, Hawaii, Iowa, New Mexico, Seattle, Utah, and Atlanta).

b US Mortality Files, National Center for Health Statistics, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.

c The difference between 1975-1978 and 2010-2016 is statistically significant (p<.05).

d The standard error is between 5 and 10 percentage points.

e The standard error is greater than 10 percentage points.

f Sites were chosen based on more than 100 SEER incidence cases between 2013-2017.

g APCs suppressed because of inconsistent classification across ICD: ICD-8 (1975-1978), ICD-9 (1979-1998), ICD-10 (1999-2008).

* The APC is significantly different from zero (p<.05).

# The APC for 1997-2017 is significantly different from the APC for 1975-1996 (p<.05).

@ The APC for 1997-2017 is significantly different from the APC for 1975-1996 (p<.10).

- Statistic not shown. Age-adjusted rate based on less than 16 cases for the time interval. Trend based on less than 10 cases for at least one year within the time interval. Survival rate based on less than 25 cases for the time interval.

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